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What Colorado College Remediation Rates Tell Us about the Value of a DPS HS Diploma

by: JAFO

Fri Feb 10, 2012 at 10:39:29 AM MST


( - promoted by Fong)

In 2011, 8.7% of Denver Public Schools' high school graduation pool was academically prepared for college when they entered.  

This revelation comes in the wake of the release of the 2011 Legislative Report on Remedial Education.  The report, released On February 7, 2012, and embargoed by the Lt. Governor's office until Caucus Day in Colorado, was produced by the Colorado Commission on Higher Education (CCHE).  The report focuses on the numbers of students requiring one or more remedial classes upon entering either a 2- or 4-year institution of Higher Ed.  

JAFO :: What Colorado College Remediation Rates Tell Us about the Value of a DPS HS Diploma
According to the CCHE report, 1,075 DPS students enrolled in a 2- or 4-year institution of higher education in Colorado in 2011.   Of these, 672 students, or 58.9%, required one or more remedial classes.  

This number is consistent with the percentage of students requiring remedial course work from DPS' class of 2010 (59%).  Five years ago, DPS' graduating class of 2007 had a remediation rate of 56.5%, or 2.4 percentage points lower than this year's class.

According to the report, the percentage of first-time recent high school graduates students placed into remediation in at least one subject increased from the previous year (31.8 percent in 2010-11 from 28.6 percent in 2009-10).  Students not requiring remediation have higher 1-year retention rates at both 2-year and 2-year institutions compared to students with remedial needs.

Only 21.4% of DPS graduates chose to enter a 2- or 4-year higher education institution in the state in 2011. Approximately 50% of all Colorado high school graduates enroll in a 2- or 4-year institution located in Colorado.

Denver Public Schools serves approximately 80,000 students in Denver County Colorado.  DPS' mission is to "...to provide all students the opportunity to achieve the knowledge and skills necessary to become contributing citizens in our society."

DPS has been a particular focus of urban school reform initiatives over the past 5 years, when then Superintendent Michael Bennet released The Denver Plan.  The plan has since been updated by Bennet's replacement, Tom Boasberg.  Reforms outlined in The Denver Plan have focused on achieving better outcomes for Denver's students, in particular, creating students who are college ready upon high school graduation.

Recently, the Colorado Department of Education (CDE) released its 2011 high school graduation rates for school districts and high schools across Colorado.  DPS' over all graduation rate was 56.1%.  This rate was up from 51.8% in 2010 and 52% in 2007.  In all, DPS had a graduation base of 5,008 students in 2011.

The following equation can be used to determine the percent of student's prepared for college based on a school district's graduation base: The number of DPS students entering college * (1 - The remediation rate)/The graduation base.

For DPS, this equation looks like this: 1,075 * 0.411/5008 = 8.7%.

DPS has been mum on the issue, other than Superintendent Boasberg's statement that the results are troubling.

The CCHE report did not include students attending college from Manual High School or Bruce Randolph because less than 25 students from each of these schools entered a 2- or 4- year institution.  Manual had 90 students classified as seniors and Bruce Randolph had 80.

Bruce Randolph was mentioned in President Obama's State of the Union address in 2010 as being an example of how an urban school could turn around.  According to Obama --  

...after the first year of the school's transformation, the principal who made it possible wiped away tears when a student said "Thank you, Mrs. Waters, for showing ... that we are smart and we can make it."

During the address, Obama asserted that 87% of Bruce Randolph's graduates were accepted to college. Of these, no more than 30% chose to attend based on CCHE's exclusion of the school's remediation rates once students entered college.

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let's get off this crazy train
This Boasberg character has to be fired.  TODAY.  Will the "reform slate" have the stones to do it?

A few thoughts.
* This is not new.  The low rate of college attendance from DPS and high rate of entrants who need remedial work is long standing.  College attendance is up and increased college attendances may be driving increased remediation needs.

* DPS has only about half of the overall market share of school aged kids who reside in Denver, and it is lower at the higher grades.  To a signficant extent, the low figures are a result of Denver residents with academic promise choosing other options.  DPS has pretty much been reforming from the lower grades up trying to attract and keep a larger share of Denver students and has followed these gains up with the cohorts that have done so.  The cohorts with greater participation have reached middle school, but are just starting to trickle into high schools at this point.

* As State Rep. Masey (R-Poncho Springs) has appropriately tried to address with his swan song legislation before he is termed, we need to start remediation sooner rather than later.  

The most common area where remedial work is needed is math, and these shortfallings are completely foreseeable.  Students who need remediation beyond math have extremely dim chances of ever graduating, even compared to those with other remedial work needs.

Most of the folks needing remediation as freshmen in college have been below grade level since mid- to late- elementary school and possibly sooner.  In DPS, many of those students were behind on day 1 in the first grade, and have lagged ever since, and have often faced issues including English language acquisition, frequent moves from one residence to another (and/or homelessness for episodes) with attendant mid-year moves from school to school, and more.

What worries me more than low absolute levels of performance is that there are some schools in DPS, like West High School, that are direly failing even their most academically able students (for example, those identified as gifted and talented), relative to other schools in and out of DPS.

* There is good reason to question whether encouraging people who graduate from high school when clearly unprepared for college level academic standards to enroll in college makes sense for the graduate or for the educational system.  Lack of sufficient academic preparation is the single strongest predictor of failure to graduate from college.  Guidance counselors and others trying to get them on the "right track" routinely exaggerate the odds that students with lousy academic records will graduate and prosper from going to college.  Most of the students who are signing up, need remedial work, and are dropping out, would probably have been better served by vocational education, a job with some potential in it, an apprenticeship, or military service.

* Financial need is a major barrier to a great many DPS graduates who could have matriculated at a college or university in Colorado, in some cases without even needing remedial work, but didn't.  These students often aren't willing to take the risks involved in student loans after having seen less academically talented peers' experiences, have no material savings for college, and need to be in the work force to support not only themselves but often others in their families as well.  Even a full ride scholarship doesn't cover opportunity costs, and doesn't help one cope with bureaucraticaly inept parents.  The reality is that controlling for academic ability, affluence has a profound impact on rates of college attendance.  Excellent students who are poor are about as likely to attend college as affluent students who are bottom of the barrel mediocre academically.


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